Are All Electrons Identical?

Electrons, like Black Holes, have no hair. That means they have no individual personality. In fact Black Holes can be said to have some fuzz because they can and do differ in terms of size, mass and electric charge. Electrons have the exact same size, mass and electric charge, so absolutely no hair! Relative to Black Holes, electrons (and positrons) are absolutely bald! Take another electron and another positron and repeat the scenario. The pair will annihilate releasing an identical amount of energy in the process. The amount of energy released in each electron-positron annihilation case is the same, to as many decimal places as you can measure. That's quite unlike taking a match from a box of matches, striking same and releasing its stored chemical energy as heat energy. Another match from the same box wouldn't release, to as many decim.

Now maybe, as in all things quantum, these strings can be one unit in length, or two units, or three units, or four units, etc. Any positive whole number multiple of one string length is okay. Now say that a two length unit of string is an electron. A two unit length of anti-string is therefore a positron. All strings are of the same fundamental length - their rate of vibration can differ, but at precise intervals. What causes strings to vibrate at the rate they do, and how they can change rates of vibration (morph from one kind of particle into others) are questions better left for another time. You might note if they are under the influence. You might figure out something about their history from scars, whether they limp, are in a wheelchair, wear a cast, or have deformities. If you observe them at say a supermarket, you might be able to figure out if they have kids or pets or even determine something about their lifestyle and relative wealth. In short, not knowing someone doesn't mean you can't uncover a lot of information about them - just by watching. However, you can't extrapolate that information and claim you know anything about yet another person.

However, even though Black Holes have way less individual features relative to humans or planets, they do have more than electrons. Line up nine electrons - you got nine identical clones. Line up nine Black Holes. They won't all have identical masses; their overall electric charge may be differing; their rotation rates won't all be the same; they can grow or shrink, be born and die (no resurrection). Still, they don't have much of a personality. If you see the same object twice, thrice of a zillion times over, then it's the same object and the fact that it is consistently identical is not a great mystery. But how can the Universe contain only one electron? That seems to be the least obvious statement anyone could ever make - the statement of a total wacko.

Science and Technology In Life

Science is search for the profound knowledge. Scientists investigate the world around us. They observe how things work and develop ideas about ways to make them work better. Sometimes they try to test an idea to explain how something works. Scientists perform experiments to find out how things work.An invention is the new technology created. An inventor with a new idea or design for an invention may decide to have the idea protected. The idea gets protection from the law in a paper called a patent. A patent prevents other people from making, using, or selling the new idea without permission from the inventor. Some inventions are simply a better way of doing or building something. They may improve an existing technology. Other inventions are much more complicated.They change how people think and live. The future constantly brings us even more changes. This will happen as we continue to learn about the world.
Computer programmers use computer technology to write a computer program. People may write letters using a computer program called a word processor. Many people work in the entertainment industry. Camera operators use television and motion-picture cameras. They use them to make TV shows and movies. Disc jockeys, or DJs, play records and CDs on the radio.Graphic designers use desktop publishing programs to create books and magazines. Although we cannot state for a fact when our human obsession with beauty started the fact remains that it has been around for a very long time. That said; the first archaeological evidence of cosmetic usage was actually recorded in Egypt way back around 3500 BC. This proves that cosmetics have been around for thousands of years. It is said that the ancient Egyptian women actually used Kohl to darken their eyelids.
Unlike in the past where the absence of regulation concerning the production of beauty products led to extreme side effects such as deformities and even death, today there are governing bodies which set the guidelines for the manufacture of cosmetic products. One governing regulation that these bodies have is that companies that manufacture or sell cosmetics are liable for any side effects that may arise as a result of use of that product.Either way, the droplets that are dispersed are meant to alter the surface tension of the water and oil phases thus preventing separation. The result is usually a homogenous product that not only produces an even skin texture but is also safer to use. The emulsifiers also act by reducing trans-epidermal water loss that sometimes causes itchiness. Allergic reactions to some oils in cosmetics have also been reduced by the use of emulsifiers. It was proven to be highly toxic to the nervous and immune system.

Life Science

　　
      Whether you need to tackle questions in Life Science, Physical Science or Earth and Space Science, our experts will work with you to make everyday homework and assignments a breeze.Most junior high school science classes broadly cover the natural science, from basic physics, chemistry, earth sciences, and biology. Grasping so many concepts can be tricky, though, so if you need homework help for 8th grade science, you should consider these following points.
　　Junior high is the time when schools change from general ideas to specific concepts in terms of teaching science. Teachers are preparing you for high school the more rigorous science classes you will take in high school. Therefore, it is vitally important that you start building good study habits ASAP. Up until this point in school, you could probably get by without studying or readying the book too closely. Well, not anymore. It is really important to read the assigned chapters in the book and understand what the book is saying. Also very important is to do the homework and understand what you're doing! You will eventually be tested on the material covered in homework--that is a guarantee.
　　If you believe you're spending enough time reading the book but aren't getting the grade you want, you should consider getting homework help for 8th grade science from another source, be it your parents or a tutor. If you're already spending 4-6 minimum per week studying (that should probably be enough studying to get an A in most junior high science classes), then you need to seek outside help. A tutor can quickly help you get back on track with the concepts from class. Ask your teacher if you are looking for and can't find additional homework help.

Current news about India

 

   India is technological and scientifically advancing. It's excelling in almost every field of science and technology. News inventions, discoveries, achievements are all in the technology news and current affairs of science. One needs to be updated and aware of the prosperity of one's country.
  Chandryan spacecraft had claimed the discovery of water on moon which was later confirmed by NASA's moon Mineralogy Mapper, M3.
  Due to many rumors about usage of mobile phones leading to death, an inter ministerial committee by department of telecommunication was set up ti examine adoption of safety exposure from radio frequency produced by mobile phone, however, in their study it was difficult to find and link between radio frequency and health.
  New scientific and technological research suggests that children up to 5 years of age can use a computer mouse. Since most of the education systems are adopting the usage of computers for the students to study, it is very important for the child to practice the skill from a young age.
  The recent technological news is that India will develop its own global positioning system (GPS) by launching seven satellites in the upcoming four to six years. This GPS would help the country to enhance its surveillance capabilities and improves its weapon systems.
  Current news in science field is that National Tsunami Warning system that was formed, to detect tsunamigenic earthquakes which help in monitoring of tsunami waves. This was formed by National service for ocean information services (NCOIS) by Ministry of Earth sciences at Hyderabad. This system is working well along the entire mainland coastline of India along with Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands.
  One of the efforts of the technology and science department in creating a society without boundaries is the National Knowledge Network (NKN). Launch of the website and logo will happen soon.
India launched its first expedition to Ny- Alseund in the SpitsBergen Island of Norway, which marks the long term research of Indian scientists through global Endeavour in the artic region.
  The scientists of anthropological survey of India have been studying mitochondrial DNA of tribal groups in India for the past 5 years, it has been noticed that most of the tribal communities in India have mitochondrial DNA lineage which are more common to Indian sub-continent indicating common ancestry.
  Science and Technology form an important part of every nation. To excel in any field one should have a good knowledge of the level of growth of science in one's country. The technology news and current affairs on science continuously keeps on updated on the improvements in this field.

On the internet movie audiences viewing lengthier on tablets

As numerous customers hungrily watch for tomorrow's discharge associated with Amazon's Kindle Fireplace, there's proof which pills might be reshaping on the internet watching routines.

Pill customers averaged 30 % much more watching period for each program in contrast to desktop computers, based on information launched this particular 7 days through Ooyala, the supplier associated with movie providers in order to main manufacturers. Pill customers additionally were known to become much more involved, completing movies from almost two times the actual price because desktop computer customers.

For every moment associated with movie viewed on the desktop computer, pill customers viewed for just one moment seventeen mere seconds, typically twenty-eight % lengthier compared to desktop computer watching. Movie conclusion prices upon pills had been additionally 30 % greater than non-tablet cellular devices.

Whilst on the internet audiences had been prone to use laptop computers or even desktop computers to view brief videos, the information shows that audiences tend to be embracing pills, cellular devices, as well as linked TELEVISION products as well as online game units with regard to moderate as well as long-form movies. Movies 10 min's or even lengthier paid for with regard to 30 % associated with several hours viewed upon cellular devices, forty two % upon pills, as well as seventy five % upon linked TELEVISION products as well as online game units.

The research additionally discovered which audience wedding had been "generally higher" with regard to long-form movies. Cellular customers were known to accomplish three-quarters of the long-form movie for a price associated with 20 %, in contrast to eighteen % with regard to desktop computers.

At the same time, audiences upon linked TELEVISION products as well as online game units finished long-form content material in a greater price compared to audiences that viewed upon every other gadget. (Research launched previously within 7 days discovered which gaming units have grown to be typically the most popular method for Ough. Utes. customers to view on the internet amusement content material on the Televisions. )#)

Apple's apple ipad had been typically the most popular pill with regard to watching on the internet movie throughout the 3rd one fourth, sales with regard to 99. four % associated with shows as well as ninety-seven. 7 % associated with complete performs.

i-phones paid for with regard to 56 % associated with movie performs, in contrast to thirty six. 8 % with regard to Android-powered mobile phones. Nevertheless, Google android edged away apple iphone as a whole movie min's, providing forty-nine % in order to i-phones forty-four %.

The information had been gathered from the mix portion of the business's client as well as companion data source, that functions a lot more than 100 zillion distinctive month-to-month audiences within a lot more than 100 nations.

The research arrives because Amazon . com get's prepared to deliver it's Android-powered Kindle Fire--the Web retailer's very first foray to the pill marketplace, that has to date already been centered through the apple ipad. However experts think the actual Kindle Fire's reduced $199 cost tag--most pills list for approximately $500--could help to make this the very first genuine rival within an region exactly where a number of other high-end Google android pills possess skipped the actual tag.

A Guide for PC Buyers Not Looking for a Tablet

If you're shopping for a laptop this autumn, you'll find most of the capabilities and prices in the sluggish market unchanged. You'll still likely be considering whether it's time to get a tablet instead of a new laptop.

Taking cues from Apple's Macbook Air, PC companies have begun developing their own slimmed down laptops. WSJ's Walt Mossberg reviews these new "Ultrabooks".

But if you're focused on a Windows machine, and you look carefully, you'll see that a new class of portable PC is beginning to appear. It's called the "ultrabook," and is essentially the Windows version of Apple's popular, nearly four-year old MacBook Air—an ultraskinny, light, speedy, versatile laptop with long battery life.

The arrival of the ultrabook is a welcome development, not only because it spices up the market, but because I consider the MacBook Air the best all-around consumer laptop available, and anything that emulates it is a good idea, if done well.

There are only a few ultrabooks available this season and they aren't for everybody. Most have limited storage and, like the MacBook Air, are priced near the $1,000 range—rich territory in a tight economy where Apple buyers seem comfortable, though not many others. Still, this new class of Windows laptop is the only fundamentally fresh choice in the laptop market.

If the price is too high, you should be able to get a capable major-brand laptop for between $500 and $800, with plenty of storage and memory.

My annual fall laptop buyers' guide today offers tips for wading through the technobabble in computer ads, and in online and physical stores. As always, these tips are for average consumers doing common tasks, such as email, Web browsing, social networking, general office productivity, photos, music, videos and simple games. This guide isn't meant for corporate buyers, or for hard-core gamers or serious media producers.

The tablet question: Tablets like Apple's iPad 2 and Samsung's Galaxy Tab 10.1 can perform many, though not all, of the functions of a laptop. Most tablet lovers find themselves reaching for their laptops less often to do things like email. If your budget is limited and you're thinking of shelling out $500 for a full-size tablet, consider whether you can put off getting a new laptop this year instead of buying both.

Future Windows: If you're shopping for a Windows laptop, be aware that in 2012, Microsoft will offer a new version of Windows, called Windows 8, with a radical new multitouch interface that makes use of a touch screen. The software giant stresses that Windows 8 won't require such a screen, and will still work with a mouse or touch pad. But unless you have a laptop with a multi-touch screen, you won't be able to take advantage of the Windows 8 touch-screen features.

Ultrabooks: Four companies make this class of laptop: Acer,Lenovo,Asus and, shortly, Toshiba. These machines are under 0.8 inch thick, weigh less than three pounds, and generally claim long battery life and almost-instant startup times. All run Windows 7; none has a touch screen. Like the MacBook Air, they use solid-state drives (though some combine these with standard hard disks) and have screens of either 11 inches or 13 inches. Prices generally run from around $900 to $1,100.

Accel ponies up $100m to juice big data biz

Hadoop World We have entered the business era of the big data eon. That's just a fancy way of saying that software companies are trying to take Hadoop and the myriad new tools that wrap around it and convert them into money by unseating incumbents in data warehousing and analytics – and, quite frankly, by doing some jobs that no one could handle before.

Now the big money is starting to move in: venture capital behemoth Accel Partners is ponying up $100m to invest in big-data startups that are looking to become the application giants that will make a killing by creating Hadoop-based applications that are fit for normal business consumption.

Ping Li, a partner at Accel since 2004, said in his keynote address at the Hadoop World Conference in New York on Tuesday that the opportunity for making money was enormous. The volume of data being kept is growing very quickly, and every kind of event log or twitch of a company's applications and web servers is being preserved in the hope that it can be mined for insight into customers and markets.

Moreover, unstructured data types are proliferating and companies don't want to rely in the old batch-oriented ways of current Hadoop setups to chew through this data. As usual, business managers want real-time data, just as they did in the 1970s when online transaction processing replaced batch operations for core applications.

This trend is going to mean investment flowing to companies that can improve the Hadoop infrastructure. And unlike those early OLTP days, companies want applications to ride on top of Hadoop and its various adjuncts to provide them with distilled information, and they don't want to build those apps from scratch.

"These new types of data are breaking legacy platforms," Li said. "And this is a big market, not just something for Web 2.0 companies." And to that end, Accel is putting up $100m for its Big Data Fund to help find the Microsofts and Facebooks of the Hadoop application era – and, of course, hopefully before the competition does.

"If you are an entrepreneur with a great idea, I implore you, take some money from this guy," said Cloudera CEO Mike Olson, who also spoke during the keynote. Accel is one of the early investors in Cloudera, which was first out the door with a commercially supported release of the Apache Hadoop stack. "We've got a chance to do something that only comes along once in a generation."

Yahoo! created Hadoop to mimic the operations of Google's search engine circa 2001. It is written in Java and consists of a MapReduce framework that spreads log files, web click streams, and other unstructured data across a network of servers. Then a MapReduce algorithm looks for connections between all this data, as well as any structured data ripped out of database and pumped into the Hadoop Distributed File System.

The mapping part of the algorithm means telling calculations where they need to go to find the pieces of data they need, and the reducing part refers to bringing together the results across thousands of nodes to pull together a summarized answer.

Yahoo! open sourced Hadoop in 2009, and creator Doug Cutting named it after his kid's stuffed elephant. A few Yahoo! employees left to start Cloudera, which jumped out there first to commercialize Hadoop. Since then, the remaining Yahoo! team has been spun out to create HortonWorks, IBM has commercialized its own BigInsights variant, and a number of players including Parascale, MapR, and Appistry have all come out with alternative files systems to HDFS. Platform Computing has even gone so far as to take its own Java-based financial messaging system used for risk analysis and high speed trading, and make it compatible with Hadoop APIs as an alternative to Hadoop itself.

There's a lot going on out there in Hadoop World. That is just the tip of the elephant's trunk.

Accel was an early investor in Cloudera, which announced $40m in Series D funding at the conference this morning, which it is hosting. This time around, Ignition Partners lead the investment with Accel Partners, Greylock Partners, Meritech Capital Partners, and In-Q-Tel also kicked in some cash to Cloudera. The company has raised $76m in four rounds of funding in the past three years, and Accel has been in all four rounds.

Li says that big-data platforms such as Hadoop – there are others, but they don't generate the same level of excitement – are going mainstream, and that "native" big data applications and services will quickly emerge once companies get Hadoop installed and learn how to use it.

In the prior computing era, where data and systems were not so big – say from 1980 to 2010, in Li's oversimplification – physical mainframes, midrange, and x86 servers were the infrastructure, and applications ran on relational database management systems.

This time around, the infrastructure is going to be virtualized private and public clouds. Hadoop and its add-ons will comprise the data management layer, and a whole new set of analytics, customer relationship management, collaboration, security, and vertical applications aimed at financial services, healthcare, and others areas are going to ride that elephant.

"Multi-billion dollar software companies are going to be created," said Li – and Accel wants to get in on the action.

But before this can happen, Hadoop has had to do a lot of growing up. Hadoop is "a complex piece of multi-tenant infrastructure and it has to behave in your data center," explained Olson.

"It's not enough to have a platform that sophisticated Java developers can use. Business users need to access this," he said.

And over the next year, Olson expects all kinds of apps to come to market to make it easier for regular people – not just Java wizards – to make use of Hadoop. And, if it is done right, they won't even know they're using Hadoop.

What's Coming to Amazon's Lending Library?

Is actually Amazon's brand new Kindle e-book financing plan really worth the buying price of the $79 yearly Amazon . com Perfect regular membership? You can now take a look on your own; the actual listing of qualified publications is actually submitted upon Amazon's Site.

You will find presently 5, 377 Kindle e-books open to Perfect people. The very best 5 publications consist of With regard to Period as well as Anniversary (Sibling Spouse) through Allison Pittman, the actual Food cravings Video games trilogy through Suzanne Collins, as well as Blend associated with Armageddon through Sigmund Brouwer as well as Hank Hanegraaff. There's also a few classics such as Dracula, Alice's Activities within Wonderland, Cherish Isle as well as Small Ladies, in addition to newer strikes such as Drinking water with regard to Elephants.

The actual number-one guide upon Amazon . com, Walt Isaacson's resource associated with Apple company co-founder Dorrie Work, isn't about the checklist, neither is actually Steve Grisham's The actual Litigators.

The actual checklist was initially mentioned through CNET, that observed the Marketers Lunch time twitter through Fri. Which twitter stated there have been just two, seven hundred Perfect financial loans as well as, certainly, the amount detailed below "Kindle Edition" presently states two, 985, however clicking on via provides you with 5, 377 choices.

As you commentor mentioned, nevertheless, Amazon's complete checklist just rises to at least one, two hundred. For that complete 5, 377 publications you need to exercise lower through class about the left-hand club.

Whenever Amazon . com introduced it's e-book financing collection upon Thursday, the organization stated clients could select from "thousands" associated with publications. This program can be obtained in order to Amazon . com Perfect people having a Kindle gadget; it's not going to work with individuals with Kindle applications upon iOS or even Google android products or even the actual COMPUTER, for instance. Clients may just be lent 1 free of charge e-book monthly, however there is no deadline.

Picking a e-books, nevertheless, is actually leading to a few debate. Based on the Walls Road Diary, the actual 6 biggest Ough. Utes. marketers aren't taking part because of issue more than long term product sales, however the LOS ANGELES Occasions highlights which a few marketers that elected away had been amazed to determine their own publications about the financing checklist anyhow. The days stated Amazon . com gets for this since it purchased the actual publications from at wholesale prices, which means it may market the actual game titles for just about any cost. Preferably, Amazon . com might market this for that publisher's arranged cost, however it isn't limited to individuals costs.

Within it's pr release, Amazon.com stated "for most game titles, Amazon.com offers arrived at contract along with marketers to incorporate game titles for any set charge. In some instances, Amazon.com is actually investing in a name every time it's lent with a readers below regular at wholesale prices conditions like a no-risk test to show in order to marketers the actual incremental development as well as income chance this brand new support provides.

Amazon creates Kindle double standard

These days, Amazon . com introduced which Kindle proprietors along with Perfect regular membership could be lent publications from absolutely no additional price, each month, without any because of times. It is amazing information (that all of us currently protected), however it indicates a brand new double-standard, one which may without doubt develop. To put it simply, individuals who personal Amazon . com equipment can get much more things.

So far, Amazon . com may be type sufficient to deal with e-book clients similarly, whether or not they personal the Kindle gadget, make use of the free of charge application on the majority of smart phone as well as pill systems — or even each. That is what is amazing regarding Kindle publications, as well as why is all of them therefore aggressive. In spite of becoming secured lower along with electronic privileges administration, you can "buy all of them as soon as, as well as study all of them anyplace, inch in order to be lent Amazon's personal phrasing.

With regards to press, Amazon . com is a a bit more rigid. Although it's lengthy permitted individuals to flow movie on the pc or even on the internet gadget, it does not come with an application with regard to apple iphone as well as apple ipad. It's loading songs support is actually Google android pleasant, although actually which application could not end up being referred to as "lovely. inch

All of us understood the actual Kindle Fireplace might additional focus Amazon's movie as well as songs choices — this just is sensible which you'd probably have the ability to flow content material to that particular gadget, as well as there is no precedent with regard to being able to access which content material by way of additional cellular devices. However maintaining the brand new financing plan through apple iphone, apple ipad as well as Google android customers, a lot of who contentedly spend $80 each year with regard to Perfect support, is really a alter within program with regard to Amazon's e-book technique. Actually the general public collection support released previously this season can be obtained in order to customers from the free of charge application.

I have requested Amazon . com in the event that there is a reason for that brand new program's proprietor restriction, as well as enables you to understand basically listen to back again. This definitely does not appear to be the specialized restriction, because any kind of era associated with Kindle is actually entitled to this program.

Meanwhile, We study this particular because Amazon's method of bringing together it's target audience, tugging a good Apple company, as well as tying equipment, software program as well as providers collectively within an progressively profitable style, as well as let us encounter this, one which defintely won't be as well harmful to clients possibly. (The actual technique certain because daylights did not harm Apple company. )#) I simply desired to stage this away, notifying individuals to consider much more drawing a line under of the character, as well as allow individuals who truly are at odds of shut techniques in order to seem away.

Amazon . com verified in my experience this had been the proceed to construct Kindle possession: "We constructed this particular support to create running a Kindle gadget much more appealing, inch stated the consultant.

Apple in His Own Image

Tim Cook promised that Apple Inc. wouldn't change when he took over the company's helm from Steve Jobs in August.

But the low-key Mr. Cook has already put his operational mark on Apple in ways that suggest the company won't be entirely the same as under its intense and tempestuous co-founder.

Tim Cook promised that Apple wouldn't change when he took over from co-founder Steve Jobs in August but the low-key executive has already put his operational mark on the company. Jessica Vascellaro has details on The News Hub.

In recent weeks, Mr. Cook has tended to administrative matters that never interested Mr. Jobs, such as promotions and corporate reporting structures, according to people familiar with the matter. The new chief executive, 50 years old, has also been more communicative with employees than his predecessor, sending a variety of company-wide emails that address Apple employees as "Team," people close to the company said.

Apple chief executive Tim Cook speaks in front of an image of an iPhone 4S.

Mr. Cook has also displayed some different corporate philosophies from Mr. Jobs. The new CEO recently announced a charitable program promising Apple would match employee donations to non-profits of up to $10,000 a year, starting in the U.S. In contrast, Mr. Jobs said at a company off-site meeting last year that he was opposed to giving money away, according to a person who attended.

Much about the technology giant hasn't changed and isn't expected to. Mr. Cook, an Apple veteran who became chief operating officer in 2005 and who ran the company during Mr. Jobs's multiple medical leaves, isn't a fan of reorganizations, said a person familiar with the matter. He is also a fierce believer in Apple's culture, which prizes product development and design and preaches intense secrecy.

But the moves Mr. Cook has made since he officially took over the CEO title on Aug. 24 provide signs of how he will seek to run Apple in the years ahead, imposing more discipline on a place that for years was guided by Mr. Jobs's gut.

An Apple spokesman declined to comment and said Mr. Cook wasn't available for an interview.

A supply chain whiz fluent in sales charts and forecasts, Mr. Cook is a disciplined manager and a contrast to Mr. Jobs, who had little patience for management matters, according to friends and colleagues of both.

Mr. Cook is accessible, and over the years served as a sounding board for executives who wanted advice on approaching Mr. Jobs, former Apple employees say.

In recent weeks, Mr. Cook has restructured Apple's big education division that deviated from the company's overall organizational structure, according to a person familiar with the matter.

For years, that business had operated fairly independently. Mr. Cook split the business into a sales arm and a marketing arm and incorporated the groups into their respective company-wide divisions, said this person.

The move streamlined Apple's structure and increased the responsibilities of senior vice president of world-wide product marketing Phil Schiller and John Brandon, a vice president who oversees many of Apple's sales channels and has worked closely with Mr. Cook for years, this person said. Apple's education head John Couch, who had reported to Mr. Cook, now reports to Mr. Schiller.

Within days of taking over, Mr. Cook also promoted vice president Eddy Cue to Apple's senior vice president of Internet software and services, bumping up the title of one of the company's most visible executives.

Former executives and people close to Apple say they also expect Mr. Cook to be more open with shareholders and customers than Mr. Jobs, citing Mr. Cook's willingness to meet fairly regularly with investors over the years.

"Steve thought he had all the answers," said Toni Sacconaghi, a research analyst who covers Apple for Sanford Bernstein & Co. "I am not sure Tim thinks he has all the answers." Mr. Sacconaghi also describes Mr. Cook as "surprisingly candid" about parts of the company, such as its iPhone expansion strategy.

One area people expect Mr. Cook to eventually focus on is what to do with Apple's $81.6 billion in cash and cash equivalents. Mr. Jobs was opposed to stock buybacks, according to former Apple executives.

But Mr. Cook seems open to more traditional options for Apple's cash hoard, such as dividends or a buyback, say people who have discussed the matter with Apple executives.

On the company's fiscal fourth quarter earnings call last month, Mr. Cook said, "I'm not religious about holding cash or not holding it."

Any such moves would be up to all of Apple's directors, of which Mr. Cook is one, and wouldn't likely happen soon, according to one of these people.

One other difference with Mr. Jobs: Mr. Cook is "not a product guy," his colleagues and friends often say. That's a sentiment Mr. Jobs himself echoed to author Walter Isaacson in a recently published biography.

People close to the company question whether Mr. Cook can continue the string of hits that have made Apple the world's largest technology company.

In the past, Mr. Cook once asked an employee briefing him on a new service, "tell me again how this helps me sell more phones," according to this person.